Military science on a military organization

Every nation in the history of mankind had different needs for military forces. The basis of their composition, equipment and use of facilities is formed when the needs are determined. Aside from that, it also determines what military does in terms of peacetime and wartime activities.

All militaries, whether large or small, are military organizations, or the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer military capability required by the national defence policy. They must perform certain functions and fulfill certain roles to qualify for being designated as such. If they fail to do so, they may become known as: paramilitary, a military force whose function and organization are similar to those of a professional military, but which is not considered part of a state’s formal armed forces; civil defense, “civil protection,” an effort to protect the citizens of a state, generally non-combatants, from military attack; militia, or irregular army, commonly used to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service; or others which are not military. The commonalities of that state’s military define them.

Military science is the process of translating national defence policy to produce military capability by employing military scientists, including theorists, researchers, experimental scientists, applied scientists, designers, engineers, test technicians, and military personnel responsible for prototyping. Because most of the concepts and methods used by the military, and many of its systems are not found in the commercial use, much of the material is researched, designed, developed and offered for inclusion in arsenals by military science organization within the overall structure of the military. Military scientists are therefore found to interact with all Arms and Services of the armed forces, and at all levels of the military hierarchy of command.

Although concerned with research into military psychology, the research, design and application of psychological theories and experimentation data towards understanding, predicting and countering behaviours either in friendly or enemy forces or civilian population that may be undesirable, threatening or potentially dangerous to the conduct of military operations, and particularly combat stress and how it affect troop morale, also known as “esprit de corps” when discussing the morale of a group (a term used to describe the capacity of people to maintain belief in an institution or a goal, or even in oneself and others, often the bulk of military science activities is directed at the following: military intelligence technology; military communications, which involves all aspects of communications, or conveyance of information, by armed forces; and improving military capability, defined by the Australian Defence Force as “the ability to achieve a desired effect in a specific operating environment, through research, design, development and prototyping of weapons (also called as “arm,” or “armament,” a tool or instrument used in order to inflict damage or harm to living things--physical or mental--artificial structures, or systems), military support equipment, and military technology. Military technology, the collection of equipment, vehicles, structures and communication system that are designed for use in warfare, in general includes everything from global communication networks and aircraft carriers, warships designed with a primary mission of deploying and recovering aircraft, acting as a seagoing airbase, to paint and food.  

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